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KMID : 1001320170440010005
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Social Welfare Policy
2017 Volume.44 No. 1 p.5 ~ p.46
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Relationship of Maternal Employment in Infancy and Parenting Practices to Child Development during the Preschool Years
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Kim In-Kyung
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Abstract
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This paper investigates the associations between early maternal employment, parenting practices and the cognitive and socio-emotional development of preschool children. I use data from the Panel Study on Korean Children, a unique dataset in Korea that measures development of preschoolers with a rich set of family demographic characteristics. I find that a new mother working 7 to 12 months after birth has a negative association with a child`s peer interactions. It can be attributed to the fact that starting from 6~8 months, children feel highly anxious when they are separated from attachment figures. This result suggests that new mothers need to take parental leave or obtain a flexible work schedule in the second half of their child`s first year. Parenting variables such as maternal depression, parenting stress, parenting styles and the quality of parent-child interactions are associated with various measures of a child`s cognitive and socio-emotional development. The level of parents` education appears to be positively linked to the child`s vocabulary. This supports the possibility that effective parenting practices can suppress the positive relationships between parents` education and a child`s cognitive skills. On the other hand, no firm link is apparent between the level of parental education and a child`s socio-emotional development. This implies that parent education programs need to reach parents who fall short of parenting skills rather than target those with lower education attainment.
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KEYWORD
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Early maternal employment, Parenting practices, Father`s involvement, Child`s cognitive development, Child`s socio-emotional development
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